
Academic
Copyediting Rates: or, What to Expect When Hiring a Copyeditor
It
is an unfortunate truth that many authors have misconceptions
about how much copyediting costs and how long it takes.
This section is an explanation of what authors should expect
when hiring a copyeditor independently.
First, few academic copyeditors
are going to charge an individual less than $25 an hour.
Copyeditors in other fields are used to earning $35 to $100
an hour so you are getting a good deal if a copyeditor charges
you anything under $30 an hour. (When I was still hiring
myself out as a copyeditor--I don't anymore so please don't
ask--I charged $75 an hour so you are lucky you don't have
to hire me!)
Second, to do a thorough job
of copyediting an academic manuscript, copyeditors edit
from 2 to 5 pages an hour. A page is defined as 250 words,
which is what a one-inch-margin, double-spaced, twelve-point-font
page usually comes out to. Manuscripts with many problems
will slow a copyeditor down to a page an hour, or even half
a page; clean manuscripts may go as fast as 8 pages an hour.
Copyeditors usually move through a book more quickly than
an article because they get used to what kinds of mistakes
you make. Also, just setting up to edit a manuscript takes
two or three hours, which gets amortized over the course
of a whole book but not an article. In general, the average
rate at which copyeditors edit is 4 pages (or 1,000 words)
per hour.
So, the bottom line here is
that a 30-page article will cost you at least $150 and maybe
as much as $750. In general, you should expect to pay around
$250. A full-length book of 500 pages will cost you at least
$2,000 and may go as high as $12,500. You should expect
to pay around $4,000.
Many authors are shocked to
learn how much copyediting costs. While they may understand
that good academic copyeditors are highly educated (often
with doctorates), have developed wide ranges of knowledge,
and deserve a decent wage for their professional skills,
authors may still balk at paying $250 for an article or
$4,000 for a book.
Let me point out one thing,
however. It's true that hundreds of dollars is no small
thing for starving students or untenured faculty, even for
those who are regularly buying $5 lattes (you know who you
are!). It is a small thing, however, if you think of it
as an investment. A well-edited article will most likely
do better in the submission process at a first-rate journal
with a high rejection rate. Since publication in good journals
leads to jobs, tenure, and promotions, good copyediting
can lead directly to you making more money a year. Sometimes
it is the very people who think little of paying $400 for
a suit to wear to job interviews who consider $400 too much
to invest in their writing.
So, how do you know if you
would benefit from copyediting? My belief is that anyone
can benefit. We all have blind spots and can learn much
from corrections to our consistent errors. If you have never
had a professional copyedit and are planning to send a precious
article out for review, think about hiring a copyeditor
just for the learning experience. If you are not a native
speaker of English, or you have been told by instructors
or colleagues that your work could benefit from copyediting,
hire a copyeditor before sending work to a publisher. If
your article suffers from poor grammar and awkward constructions,
such errors may prevent your work from receiving a fair
review.
If you have decided that you
would like to make this investment, no doubt you want to
get the best value for your money. To do so, I recommend
that you do the following. First, review the manuscript
you would like copyedited. Make sure that it is clean. If
your footnotes have never been spell-checked, spell-check
them. If your references are not standardized, fix them.
You do not want to pay someone else to fix things you could
easily have fixed yourself. Second, once you have fixed
what you can, identify exactly how many pages are in your
manuscript (don't guess, divide the total electronic word
count by 250 words). Divide this figure by 4 (pages an hour)
to arrive at the likely total cost of copyediting. That
way you won't be surprised. Third, ask around to find out
if anyone you know has worked with a good copyeditor. (You
can also e-mail me and ask me for the names of good copyeditors.
I have a list of people who have passed a copyediting test.)
Many academic copyeditors now have websites, so you can
search for them on-line as well. If possible, pick an academic
copyeditor who is familiar with your field and its conventions.
Once you have identified someone
you want to work with, give the copyeditor clear instructions
about what kind of edit you want. There are four kinds of
editing: technical editing, style editing, correlation editing,
and substantive editing. Each one of these is described
in Some Copyediting Terms.
Substantive editing is the most time-consuming and also
the most valuable. If you struggle with English grammar,
I recommend asking a copyeditor for a technical edit and
a substantive edit. If you are pretty confident about your
grammar and spelling, you can ask for only a substantive
edit. You can also ask for a style edit if your manuscript
simply must be submitted in the publisher's format, but
most people can put a document into a particular style if
they really study the submission guidelines, so this is
a place to save yourself money in advance.
Finally, if you are having
the copyeditor edit a book-length manuscript, have him or
her edit one chapter and send it to you so you can review
the changes before going farther. If the copyeditor found
standard errors, you may even be able to correct these before
sending the rest of the manuscript to him or her.
If
you need to find a freelance copyeditor, please see my copyediting
home page. I no longer copyedit myself.